1、set集合

    set集合是一种无序且不重复的集合

   添加功能：

s1 = set() s1.add("wang") print(s1) difference功能（从当前集合里找出不同的元素并生成一个新的集合）：

s1 = set(["wang","pan","lai"]) s2 = s1.difference(["wang","pan"]) print(s2) 结果：{'lai'} difference_update(从当前集合里去掉重复的元素，不生成新的集合)：

s1 = set(["wang","pan","lai"]) s1.difference_update(["pan","lai"]) print(s1) 结果：{'wang'} 1、队列 单项队列(queue)：先进先出 双向队列（collections）：两边都可以进和取 2、字典{}、元组（）、列表[]

 

3、深copy（copy.deepcopy（））和浅copy（copy.copy()）    对于数字和字符串来说，两者的结果内存地址是一样的 4、函数 函数里的try语句：

 

# -*- coding:utf-8 -*- # Author: cslzy # Email: lizhenyang_2008@163.com # Description:send something to someone. # Date: 20151104 18:33:08 import smtplib from email.mime.text import MIMEText as mt def mail(user):     ret = 'ture'     try:         msg = MIMEText('你好！','plaon','utf-8')         msg['From'] = formataddr(['王盼','wangpan0810@126.com'])         msg['To'] = formataddr(['王盼','1471333927@qq.com'])         msg['Subject'] = '主题'         server = smtplib.SMTP('smtp.126.com',25)         server.login('wangpan0810@126.com','密码')         server.sendmail('wangpan0810@126.com',[user,],msg.as_string())         server.quit()     except Exception:         ret = 'false'     return ret ret = mail('1471333927@qq.com') print(ret)

   默认参数必须写在后面。

动态参数（*：元组，**字典）：

def han(*arg,**karg):     print(arg,type(arg))     print(karg,type(karg)) han(7,89,3,62,n1=78,n2=88)

def han(*arg,**karg):     print(arg,type(arg))     print(karg,type(karg)) l1 = [7,89,3,62] l2 = {'n1':78,'n2':88} han(*l1,**l2)

#l1 = '{0} is {1}' l1 = '{name} is {role}' n1 = {'name':'ren','role':'dashen'} #l2 = l1.format('ren','dashen') #l2 = l1.format(name='ren',role='dashen') l2 = l1.format(**n1) print(l2) 简单函数lambda表达式：

 

如果要在python2的py文件里面写中文，则必须要添加一行声明文件编码的注释，否则python2会默认使用ASCII编码。

参考：http://blog.csdn.net/arbel/article/details/7957782

python内置函数: http://www.runoob.com/python/python-built-in-functions.html